Common Programming Jargons

Every programming language has a list of heavy Jargon that could be overwhelming. The underlying concepts behind those heavy words **are usually straightforward to grasp.

Here are a few that are useful for this roadmap:

Internet

• URL: (Uniform Resource Locator) The address of a specific webpage or file on the internet, such as "https://www.example.com".
• HTTP: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) The protocol used for transferring data over the internet is the foundation of the World Wide Web.
• HTTPS: (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is an extension of HTTP that adds an extra layer of security by encrypting data transferred between a website and a user's browser.
• IP address: A unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
• DNS: (Domain Name System) A system that translates domain names, such as "www.example.com", into IP addresses, allowing users to access websites using human-readable names instead of IP addresses.
• Web browser: A software application that allows users to access and navigate the World Wide Web, such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Edge.
• Web server: A software that receives and handles client requests and sends back responses, such as HTML pages, files, or data. Examples include Apache and Nginx.
• Cookies: Small text files that are stored on a user's computer by a web server and contain information, such as login status or preferences, that can be accessed by the server on subsequent visits to the same website.
• Cache: A temporary storage area, either on a user's computer or on a server, that holds frequently accessed data, such as images or videos, to improve the performance and responsiveness of a website.
• Search Engine: Software that searches and indexes the internet and return the result of the search query to the users. Examples include Google, Bing, Yahoo, and DuckDuckGo.

Web Development

• Front-end: The part of web development that deals with the user interface, such as the layout and design of a website and the interactions between the user and the website. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are often used in front-end development.
• Back-end: The part of web development that deals with the server-side logic and the database, such as handling user requests and storing data. Technologies such as PHP, Ruby, Python and Java are often used in back-end development.
• Full-stack: a developer proficient in front-end and back-end development.
• Responsive design: Designing and developing websites that adapt to different devices' screen sizes and resolutions.
• CMS: (Content Management System) is a software application that allows users to create and manage digital content, such as text, images, and videos, without needing technical expertise.
• SEO: (Search Engine Optimization) is optimizing a website to improve its visibility and ranking in search engine results pages.
• JavaScript framework: It is a library of pre-written JavaScript code that provides a structure for building web applications and abstracts away everyday tasks, such as handling client-side interactions and making server requests. Examples include React, Angular, and Vue.js.
• API endpoint: The location of a web service or server that can be accessed by a client, typically over the internet, to retrieve or update data.
• CDN: (Content Delivery Network) is a network of servers distributed worldwide that cache and serve content, such as images, videos, and scripts, to users based on their location to improve website performance and reduce server load.

• DOM: (Document Object Model) a tree-like representation of an HTML or XML document, which can be manipulated using JavaScript to change a website's layout, content, and style.
• AJAX: (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a technique for making asynchronous HTTP requests and updating parts of a webpage without reloading the whole page.
• ES6: The sixth version of the ECMAScript standard for JavaScript, which introduced new features such as arrow functions, template literals, and destructuring assignments.
• Transpiling: The process of converting code written in one programming language, such as ES6, into another language that is more widely supported, such as ES5.
• Linting: Automatically checking code for potential errors or style issues and providing suggestions to fix them.

String Cases

• Upper case: This refers to when all letters in a string are in capital letters. For example, the string "HELLO" is in upper case.
• Lower case: This refers to when all letters in a string are in small letters. For example, the string "hello" is in lowercase.
• Title case: This refers to when the first letter of each word in a string is capitalized while the rest are lowercase. For example, "Hello World" is in the title case.
• Camel case: Refers to when the first word in a string is in lowercase, and subsequent words are capitalized, with no spaces or punctuation between them. For example, the string "helloWorld" is in camel case.
• Snake case: This refers to when underscores separate words in a string, and all the letters are in lowercase. For example, the string "hello_world" is in snake case.
• Pascal case: Similar to the camel case, but the first letter of the first word is also uppercase. For example, "HelloWorld" is in Pascal case.
• kebab-case: Refers to when hyphens separate words in a string, and all letters are lower case. For example, the string "hello-world" is in kebab-case.
• Constant case: Refers to when all letters in a string are in uppercase and separated by an underscore. For example, the string "HELLO_WORLD" is in constant case.

Software Programming

• Bug: An error or defect in a program that causes it to produce unexpected or incorrect results.
• Code refactoring: The process of restructuring existing computer code without changing its external behaviour.
• Debugging: The process of identifying and fixing errors in a program.
• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): A programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which can contain data and code that manipulates that data.
• Function: A block of code that can be called by other parts of a program to perform a specific task.
• Variable: A named location in a computer's memory that stores a value that can be changed during the execution of a program.
• Algorithm: It is a set of instructions or steps to solve a problem or accomplish a task.
• API: (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules and protocols for building and interacting with software applications.
• Compiler: a program that converts code written in a high-level programming language into machine code that a computer can execute.
• Syntax: The set of rules that govern the structure of a programming language.
• Library: a collection of pre-written code that can be used to perform common tasks, such as input/output, graphics, and data manipulation, in a program.