People on platforms like Twitter and LinkedIn, especially for the last 6 months, have been rambling about Blockchain and web3 as these two are the last things that can save the earth from global warming. What do you think is the key here? Why is Blockchain so popular? In this article, I am going to explain what exactly is Blockchain and how does it lead to a web3 revolution.

What is Blockchain?

Blockchain came into existence when the Bitcoin Network was released. It is a cryptocurrency network without any central managing organisation but ensures the security of each transaction with the help of blockchain technology. We know that one single spark of innovation gives birth to many more, and over time, many networks based on blockchain technology came into existence. To name a few - Ethereum, Litecoin, Dogecoin, Polygon, and many more.

If we break the term blockchain and try to understand it, it simply refers to a 'chain of blocks. These blocks contain a set of information that holds information about the transaction. Once a block is filled, it will be chained to a previously filled block, forming a chain so that it is historically traceable and cryptographically verifiable.

How did the first-ever block come into existence? 

The first-ever block was named Block 0 or Genesis block. In other words, Bitcoin's pseudonymous founder, Satoshi Nakamoto, mined the Genesis Block. The Genesis Block is the very first block on the Bitcoin blockchain. 

It is hard-coded into the software and considered the initial block of the Blockchain. If we go by technical terms, it is a distributed permanent database that is shared among all the nodes in a computer network. The recorded data it hosts is impossible to tamper with, and once created and distributed among all nodes, it cannot be edited. 

This chain of blocks in a blockchain network contains immutable ledgers, and the global state of a blockchain is modified with each transaction and updated across all the nodes. So each node can verify and audit each transaction in the network. By storing ledgers into each node of the p2p network, Blockchain can be said to be a decentralised network having no central or middle authority involved. Decentralisation has its own benefit over central authority.

There are multiple case scenarios where blockchain technology can be used, such as:

1. Cryptocurrency

2. Smart Contracts

3. Gaming

4. Data Privacy

5. Verifiable ownership of assets

And many more.

Before diving into Web3, let us first clear a statement: ' With every evolvement of the web, the core concept remains the same, and the previous concepts & technologies still contribute to the new evolved web.' 

Understanding web1 and web2 build basic buildings and blocks for the newly evolved web3.

Web1

This was the initial phase of the internet; with this, as a medium, information was provided to consumers with read-only content. This worked fine until we, as innovative humans, saw a problem. Our customers or we could not interact with the content provided. This became the core ingredient to evolving web1.

Web2

In this version of the internet, read-only web1 was replaced by reading and writing Web2 technology, where consumers not only got exposure to information provided by managing authority but also interacted with it as per the access level they allowed. With this evolution, any user who had access to the internet could consume and create content on the internet. 

This worked fine until we, as innovative humans, saw a problem related to end-users security and privacy. In order to provide such interactive and user-friendly content that not only provides information to end-users but also demands their information, this information is kept by the central authority only, who controls any specific portal. E.g. Facebook, Twitter, Google, Amazon and many more. Once consumers' information is with them, they have little or little control over their data. Any data breach can then put the consumers at risk of becoming victims. This leads to the evolution of Web2, and now we enter Web3.

Web3

In this version of the internet, which is evolving rapidly with every passing day, read-write-only web2 is replaced by reading, write, and own web3 technology. With this evolution, no central authority will control consumer data because this will be built on top of decentralised technology and distributed among all. 

Developed by an open community of developers and presented to the world in full view, permissionless and trustless since no central authority is involved. It works on open-source protocols and focuses mainly on benefiting the entire community rather than a single central entity.

• Web3 is built in a decentralised and distributed way giving no central authority access to control the system.

• Web3 software is open-sourced software built by an open and accessible community of developers.

• Trustless: The network allows participants to interact publicly or privately without a third party intervention claiming 'trust'.

• Permissionless: Both users and suppliers can participate without authorisation from a governing or central body.